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Abstract

E' ampiamente riconosciuto il ruolo importante che le infermiere possono avere nell'identificazione e nella gestione delle problematiche di varia natura conseguenti alla malattia e ai trattamenti nei pazienti oncologici guariti, per cui programmi di follow-up clinici infermieristici per pazienti oncologici guariti sono ormai presenti in numerose realtí  a livello internazionale.
Lo scopo del seguente studio è la rilevazione delle principali problematiche di natura fisica, emotiva e socio-familiare delle donne con tumore al seno seguite dal Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana, dopo la fine dei trattamenti al fine di meglio indirizzare l'attivazione di un programma di follow-up infermieristico.
Si tratta di uno studio descrittivo, trasversale. I dati sono stati raccolti mediante questionario inviato via posta a tutte le pazienti operate presso il Centro dal 2005 al 2009 per un totale di 527 pazienti.
L'analisi statistica dei dati è stata svolta su un complessivo di 202 pazienti.
L'astenia risulta la problematica fisica maggiormente evidenziata dal campione di donne (52%), seguita dai dolori ossei e/o muscolari (45.5%) e dalle vampate di calore (44.1%). Sul piano emotivo, paura e preoccupazione sono riferite dal 40.1% delle donne, seguite da tristezza riferita dal 31.3% delle donne. Sul piano socio-familiare una donna su 5 evidenzia difficoltí  lavorative (21.2%).
Correlazioni statisticamente significative si evidenziano tra alcune problematiche e alcune variabili contestuali (etí , tipo di trattamento, tempo intercorso dalla fine dei trattamenti).
Lo studio ha permesso di caratterizzare tale popolazione nello specifico contesto e di strutturare un programma di follow-up infermieristico attivo da gennaio 2012.
Parole chiave: Tumore alla mammella, follow-up, guarigione, infermieristica.

Breast Cancer: End of treatment issues and set up of nursing follow up in the Italian Switzerland Breast Unit

It's widely recognized the important role that nurses can have in identifying and managing problems of various kinds resulting from the illness and treatment in survivor cancer patients, so that clinical nursing follow-up programs for cancer patients are now widely diffused internationally.
The aim of the following study is the detection of the main physical, emotional, social-familial problems of women with breast cancer followed by the Italian Switzerland Breast Unit, after the end of treatment in order to better target the activation of a nursing follow-up program.
This is a descriptive study. Data were collected through a questionnaire mailed to all patients who underwent surgery in the Breast Unit from 2005 to 2009 for a total of 527 patients.
The statistical analysis of data was carried out on a total of 202 patients.
Fatigue is the physical problem most highlighted by the sample of women (52%), followed by bone pain and / or muscle pain (45.5%) and hot flushes (44.1%). On an emotional level, fear and worry are reported by 40.1% of women, followed by sadness reported by 31.3% of women. Regarding the socio-familial aspect, one of 5 women shows working difficulties (21.2%).
Statistically significant correlations are highlighted between some problems and some contextual variables (age, type of treatment, time from the end of treatment).
The study has allowed to characterize this population in the specific context and to structure a nursing follow-up program which is active since January 2012.
Key words: Breast neoplasm, follow up, survivorship, nursing.

Dettagli dell'articolo

Come citare
Pedrazzani, C., Anelli, S., & Manganelli, L. (2014). Problematiche delle donne con tumore al seno e attivazione di un programma di follow-up infermieristico presso il Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana. PROFESSIONI INFERMIERISTICHE, 66(4). Recuperato da https://profinf.net/pro3/index.php/IN/article/view/46
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