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Abstract

 

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is important for the disease self-management.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge in Italian patients with COPD and their caregivers and to determine factors influencing their knowledge.

METHODS: We used a descriptive-correlational design. Knowledge was assessed with the Bristol COPD knowledge questionnaire (BCKQ) that was translated in Italian through the forward-backward translation method. BCKQ was administered to a convenience sample of 142 patients with COPD and 51 caregivers.

RESULTS: The mean age for patients and caregivers was respectively 77 years (range 45–93) and 62 years (range 28–85). Patients were mostly men, had a low education level and 30% had severe or very severe COPD, while caregivers were mostly female and with higher education level. The patients answered correctly to 48% of the BCKQ whereas caregivers to 59%. In patient-caregiver dyads, a good level of agreement on the knowledge was found in 35 items out of 65. In patients, the knowledge was not correlated with age, gender, education, years or seve- rity of disease whereas in caregivers it was fairly correlated with the education level. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that patients and caregivers possess limited knowledge of COPD, especially on chest infections, and exacerbations. Factors that limit or promote the acquisition of knowledge in people with COPD and their caregivers should be investigated. KEYWORDS: COPD; knowledge; questionnaire; education; caregiver; patient.


Conoscenze sulla bronchite cronica ostruttiva nei pazienti e nei loro caregiver 

RIASSUNTO

INTRODUZIONE: Le conoscenze sulla bronchite cronica ostruttiva (BPCO) sono importanti per la gestione della malattia.
OBIETTIVO: Lo studio ha avuto l'obiettivo di misurare il livello delle conoscenze sulla BPCO tra i pazienti e i loro famigliari e individuare i fattori che hanno influenzato tali conoscenze. METODI: E' stato effettuato uno studio descrittivo-correlazionale. Le conoscenze sono state misurate attraverso il Bristol COPD knowledge questionnaire (BCKQ) che è stato tradotto e validato in lingua italiana seguendo il metodo forward-backward translation. Il questionario, che indaga 13 aree di conoscenze, è stato somministrato ad un campione di convenienza di 142 pazienti e 51 caregiver reclutati presso una struttura sanitaria italiana.

RISULTATI: L'etaÌ€ media dei pazienti e dei caregiver era rispettivamente di 77 anni (range 45– 93) e 62 anni (range 28–85). La maggior parte dei pazienti era di sesso maschile, con un basso livello di scolaritaÌ€ e il 30% soffriva di stadio severo o molto severo di BPCO. I caregiver, invece, erano per la maggior parte donne con un livello di istruzione piuÌ€ alto dei pazienti. I pazienti hanno risposto correttamente al 48% delle domande del BCKQ, mentre i caregiver hanno risposto al 59%. Nelle 51 diadi patiente-caregiver, è stato individuato un buon livello di concordanza per 35 domande su 65 del questionario. Nella popolazione dei pazienti, il livello di conoscenze non è risultato correlato a etaÌ€, scolaritaÌ€, genere, severitaÌ€ e durata della malattia, mentre nei caregiver si è riscontrata una correlazione tra il livello di conoscenze e la scolaritaÌ€.

CONCLUSIONI: Lo studio ha dimostrato che il livello di conoscenze sulla BPCO dei pazienti e dei loro caregiver è scarso, soprattutto per quanto riguarda le infezioni e le riacutizzazioni. Non sono ancora chiari quali siano i fattori che limitano o promuovono l'acquisizione delle conoscenze tra i pazienti con BPCO e i loro caregiver, per cui ulteriori studi in questo campo sono necessari.

PAROLE CHIAVE: BPCO, conoscenze, questionario, educazione, caregiver, paziente.

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Come citare
Ivziku, D., Clari, M., De Marinis, M. G., & Matarese, M. (2018). Patients and caregivers’ knowledge of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PROFESSIONI INFERMIERISTICHE, 71(1). Recuperato da https://profinf.net/pro3/index.php/IN/article/view/478
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